The answer
The Holy Spirit is the Spirit of God, not the spirit of an angel or prophet. For if it were that of an angel or prophet, it would be restricted, whereas the Holy Spirit, according to what the gospel tells us is unbounded.
If the Holy Spirit descends upon all believers, as the Bible says: " Or do you not know that your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you, whom you have from God, and you are not your own?" (1 Cor. 6.19), would it be reasonable to suppose that an angel or prophet could descend on all believing humans in their hundreds and thousands?
In the Bible it also says, concerning the martyrs: " "But when they deliver you up, do not worry about how or what you should speak. For it will be given to you in that hour what you should speak; for it is not you who speak, but the Spirit of your Father who speaks in you. " (Matt. 10:19-20)
Would it have been possible for an angel or prophet to speak through the mouths of the thousands of martyrs at the beginning of the Christian era, who bore witness to Christ in so many different and far-flung places at the same time?
Referring to the Holy Spirit, the Lord Christ said: "the Father ... will give you another Helper, that He may abide with you forever; the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees Him nor knows Him; but you know Him, for He dwells with you and will be in you." (John 14:16-17) Obviously these words could not have been referring to a prophet, because a prophet could not be with men for ever, and also because people would have been able to see him and recognise him. Likewise it could not be meant to apply to an angel, because an angel could not stay with all believers for ever and ever, because he is not boundless.
The Bible goes on to say: "But you know Him, for He dwells with you and will be in you." (John 14:17) So who could this 'angel' or 'prophet' be who stays with all people and is in them for ever?
The Lord Jesus Christ was the Good Teacher, who brought the true teaching to mankind, and opened men's hearts and minds
to the highest principles of all, so that they were amazed at His teaching.
As far as Adam was concerned, the Bible does not record that there was any teaching or spiritual guidance for his generation, or even for his kinsfolk, for Adam gave in to his wife's mistaken direction. Christ has always been the head.
It was Christ who redeemed Adam and his sons, and freed them from the penalty of sin, who died for them and their descendants, and who bought them with His blood.
So Christ was the Redeemer, and Adam and his sons, the redeemed.
All this is seen from the human point of view, but from the theological standpoint the matter is too extensive to be written about in a brief answer to a question like this, which is just one of many being answered.
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Thrice-Blessed Pope Shenouda III of Blessed Memory